Short trips around Mangyshlak.

“Man has power over the past, present and future”

Alexander Sergeevich Green.

Travel agency Silk Road Adventures in Mangyshlak.

July 2, 1921 the village of Nikolaev in honor of the first chairman of the Council of Deputies Alexei Egorovich Bautin was renamed the village of Bautino. In the center of the village of Bautino there is a concrete pedestal on which a granite slab is placed with the inscription:
"To the first chairman of the council of deputies of the working people of the village of Nikolaevskaya, Bautin, Alexei Yegorovich, who died in 1919 at the hands of the White Guards." Travelers do not pass by this stele, stop, curiously overcome the questions of local residents, who is this very Bautin.
Any local resident will immediately say: "Bautin is a fighter for the establishment of Soviet power on the Tupkaragan Peninsula." And the old-timer can tell some details from the life of this legendary person of the Soviet era.
Aleksey Egorovich Bautin was from a poor Tambov family. After the revolution of 1905, his parents settled in the village of Nikolaev. For ten years Aleksey was the laborer, and every day more and more often he thought about why the poor work from morning to evening, and do not instruct in work, and the rich urge and grow rich every day.
During the First World War, he was actively carried away by revolutionary activities. And in 1917, when the Council of Soldiers, Workers, Peasants and Muslim Deputies was formed in Fort Shevchenko, a little later, in the spring of 1918, in the village of Nikolayevskoye, Alexei Yegorovich Bautin was elected chairman of the Nikolaev village council, as well as the commander of the red company.
Bautin was active in establishing Soviet power on the Tupkaragan Peninsula. On the basis of the fishing industry, Dubsky organized the first labor artel, took an active part in organizing food centers for the poor, in acquiring cows for feeding the weakened children of the village, etc.
His work was appreciated by the Communists, and in 1919 he was enlisted in the Bolshevik party.Someone said that the heroes are checked by time, and real heroes - more than once. So, in May 1919, an English squadron broke into Tupkaragan Bay, as well as a White Cossack detachment under the leadership of General Zheleznov, and with it a military court led by Colonel Dynnikov.
The protégés of the counter-revolution inflicted brutal reprisals against Soviet activists. Seeing the inequality of forces, the Soviet authorities decided to temporarily leave the peninsula. And Alexey Bautin, along with his comrades, decided to leave for Astrakhan on a small sailing boat.
People say that Zakhar Dubsky, a Tupkaragan fisheryman, also participated in saving Bautin. But the wind died down, and the sail, not inspired by the sea wind, sagged. The Belokazaki, who organized the chase, quickly overtook the fugitives.
General Zheleznov personally interrogated Bautin, tried to make a fair name for Bautin as a laughing stock. Publicly scoffed at the name "Bautin." To which Bautin replied: “From time immemorial, a steel bar for especially strong horseshoes has been called a Baut in Russia.
Not all iron is suitable for such a thing. ” Alexei Yegorovich was shot along with his party members, I. Sapozhnikov, M. Borisov, F. Khom, A. and V. Zlobin. But the White Cossacks didn’t last long. The Red Flotilla, which was headed by the destroyer Karl Liebknecht, also attacked the White Cossacks and captured two generals, 70 officers and more than 1,000 White Cossacks. Only a few squirrels managed to escape from deserved punishment.
So, on April 6, 1920, Soviet power was finally established. Valuable recollections of the daughter of Alexei Bautin, Maria, have been preserved: “When my father was in prison, I was small and out of pity, I was allowed to visit my father for several times.
One day, my father put a note under the insole of my shoe, in which he informed his comrades who remained at liberty that Andrei Yuvko, commander of the Red Army, was in the cell with him. As I recall now, a gathering near the house of the merchant Dubsky, where the Bolsheviks were being tried.
Dubsky said that they might feel sorry for Bautin, he has four children, but someone in the crowd protested. They decided - to be shot. In the morning, the elder sister, Proskovya, carried a transmission to the prison and saw a soldier dressed in his father's. We understood that the sentence was carried out...
They were shot not far from the seashore. They did not let us down to the grave. Only later, at night, Sapozhnikov, who was only released from prison, led us ashore to the grave of his father and Yuvko. It was a terrible sight.
The executed were almost not buried. After the expulsion of the white father, T. Shevchenko was reburied in the park. After suffering, the mother soon died. There are four of us left. Alexandra went to the workers, I'm in a boarding school. Arkady was sheltered in the Romanov family.
Then we were placed together in a boarding school in Uralsk. In 1926, I returned to the village, which bore the name of my father. I got a job at the outpatient clinic. Sheltered me in a wonderful family Balashov. Two years later, I married the son of Dmitry Ivanovich Balashov.
So for me the house of the Balashovs became parental. ”Documents of June 2, 1921, in particular, protocol No. 2 of the meeting of the second district Adaev party conference (chairman tjdfhbo Motchanov, secretary Comrade Komisarenko) tells that the agenda included the question of renaming the city of Fort Aleksandrovsky to the city of Fort Uritsky, and the village of Nikolaev in the village of Bautino. It was decided to rebury the remains of Bautin, Yuvko and other residents who died in the struggle for Soviet power in a city park, as well as to build a monument on a mass grave.”
In a city park in a festive atmosphere, the heroes of the revolution were reburied. Street, school, village were named after Bautin. Years later, in 1957, an obelisk was installed on the mass grave in the city park. By the decision of the local party and Soviet bodies in 1958, the house was built and transferred for free use to the daughter of the Soviet hero, Maria Alekseevna Bautina.
And here is another letter from past years that sheds bright light on the glorious name of one of the selfless fighters of the revolution, A. Bautin. This letter was written by Maria Mikhailovna Bogdanova and addressed to Bautin’s daughter, Maria Alekseevna:
“I owe my life to Alexei Yegorovich. In 1918, my husband and I worked in the Fort Aleksandrovsk fortress and was a Bolshevik agitator. When the whites came from Guryev, your father helped me and my husband avoid the execution. I couldn’t avoid her myself.”
The activity and life of Alexei Yegorovich Bautin was short-lived, but bright. In the old archives, time-worn books of past years, events, facts that left an indelible mark on the memory of the people are stored and among them Alexey Egorovich Bautin occupies a worthy place.
The first secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Kazakhstan D.A. Kunaev correctly said: “Centuries will pass, but the names of staunch fighters for Soviet power will never be erased in the memory of future generations.
We bow our heads to the blessed memory of those who gave their lives for freedom, bravely fought for the triumph of the cause of the revolution."

Athority:
Natalia Zaderetskaya. "Tupkaragan is the cradle of Mangistau."

Photos
Alexander Petrov.