Kazakhstan expedition.

"In this land we found countless destroyed cities, ruined fortresses and many devastated villages"

Plano Carpini, 1246.

Geographic coordinates of Kazakhstan.

The Bairkum settlement is located on a hill 223, 8 meters above sea level, 4.3 kilometers south of the village of Bayyrkum, 2.1 kilometers from the left (western) bank of the Syr Darya, 7.7 kilometers north-west of the village of Kozhatogay in the Shardara district of the Turkestan region.
The collected lifting material allows the settlement of Bayrkum to be dated (1st century BC - VIII century AD). It was first investigated in 1900 by N.V. Rudnev, then in 1948 - 1949. Turkestan archaeological expedition led by A. N. Bernshtam.
The remains of the settlement are a quadrangular hill 1.5 meters high, stretching from the north-east, south-west 300 meters, from north-west to south-east 400 meters. The settlement is surrounded by a three-meter embankment.
Defensive walls with traces of 5 towers have been preserved in the southeast. Around the settlement a moat was dug 2 meters deep and 20 meters wide. Inside the settlement there are ruins of a citadel (a hill with a height of 9 meters) surrounded by a one-meter embankment and a moat 10 meters wide.
Geographic coordinates of the Bairkum ancient settlement: N42 ° 04'53,00 "E68 ° 08'27,00"

Authority and photos:
Alexander Petrov.